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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1998
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Epic Interactive Encyclopedia, The - 1998 Edition (1998)(Epic Marketing).iso
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Dickens,_Charles
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1812-1870. English novelist, popular for his
memorable characters and his portrayal of the
social evils of Victorian England. In 1836 he
published the first number of the Pickwick
Papers, followed by Oliver Twist 1838, the
first of his `reforming' novels; Nicholas
Nickleby 1839; Barnaby Rudge 1840; The Old
Curiosity Shop 1841; and David Copperfield
1849. Among his later books are A Tale of Two
Cities 1859 and Great Expectations 1861. Born
in Portsea, Hampshire, the son of a clerk,
Dickens received little formal education,
although a short period spent working in a
blacking factory in S London, while his
father was imprisoned for debt in the
Marshalsea prison during 1824, was followed
by three years in a private school. In 1827
he became a lawyer's clerk, and then after
four years a reporter for the Morning
Chronicle, to which he contributed the
Sketches by Boz. In 1836 he married Catherine
Hogarth, three days after the publication of
the first number of the Pickwick Papers.
Originally intended merely as an
accompaniment to a series of sporting
illustrations, the adventures of Pickwick
outgrew their setting and established
Dickens' reputation. In 1842 he visited the
USA, where his attack on the pirating of
English books by American publishers chilled
his welcome; his experiences are reflected in
American Notes and Martin Chuzzlewit 1843. In
1843 he published the first of his Christmas
books, A Christmas Carol, followed in 1844 by
The Chimes, written in Genoa during his first
long sojourn abroad, and in 1845 by the even
more successful Cricket on the Hearth. A
venture as editor of the Liberal Daily News
in 1846 was short-lived, and Dombey and Son
1848 was largely written abroad. David
Copperfield, his most popular novel, appeared
1849 and contains many autobiographical
incidents and characters. Returning to
journalism, Dickens inaugurated the weekly
magazine Household Words 1850, reorganizing
it 1859 as All the Year Round; many of his
later stories were published serially in
these periodicals. In 1857 Dickens met the
actress Ellen Ternan and in 1858 agreed with
his wife on a separation; his sister-in-law
remained with him to care for his children.
In 1858 he began giving public readings from
his novels, which proved such a success that
he was invited to make a second US tour 1867.
Among his later novels are Bleak House 1853,
Hard Times 1854, Little Dorrit 1857, and Our
Mutual Friend 1864. Edwin Drood, a mystery
story influenced by the style of his friend
Wilkie Collins, was left incomplete on his
death.